The outer shell are given the name valence electrons. Represent the number of electrons in the outer shell with dots. The third shell can only hold a maximum of 18 electrons but isīecause it is the outer shells that react, we are most interested in the The second shell can only hold a maximum of 8 electrons. The first shell is the smallest so it can only hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Shells correspond to the orbits of the Bohr model. The first two quantum numbers n (the shell) and l (the subshell) are both important in It is the outer shell electrons that form these bonds betweenĪtoms. There are some elements that show some, but not all, of the metallicĬalled metalloids and are labeled here are semi-conductors.Įlectrons are the “glue” that hold atoms together in compounds. Nonmetals typically do not show these properties. Have a metallic sheen (shiny) are malleable (bendable) and conduct electricity. The elements can also be divided into two main groups, the metals and the The columns with A (IA through VIIIA) are called the main group With B (IB through VIIIB) are called the transition elements. The truth is that atomic weights have changed as a function of time. Atomic weights found within a periodic table one might think are constant. His clues had to do with the physical and chemical properties of these elements. Such was the case when IUPAC recently reviewed elements 113, 115, 117 and 118, and decided to give them official names and symbols (goodbye, ununseptium and hello, tennessine). The metals in group IB (copper, silver and gold) are sometimes called the Classification of Elements: The Periodic Table Arranging The Elements: The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev uncovered evidence that consisted of a huge collection of facts about the 63 elements that had been discovered by the mid-1800’s. The elements in group VIIA are called the halogens and theĮlements in group VIIIA are called the noble gases or the inert gases. The elements in group IIA are called the alkaline earth metals. The elements in group IA are called the alkali metals. Elements with similar reactivity are put into the same column or group. Elements in group 2 will have a charge of +2.

Elements are arranged by reactivity in the periodic table. Elements in group 1 (that is the first column of the periodic table) will usually have ions which have a +1 charge.

Valence electrons periodic table